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El envejecimiento conlleva cambios significativos en la composición corporal, destacando el aumento de la masa adiposa y su redistribución, factores críticos en el desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas. En contextos rurales, donde el acceso a métodos de referencia como el DXA es limitado, surge la necesidad de herramientas antropométricas validadas que permitan una evaluación nutricional y de riesgo metabólico precisa y accesible. Aplicar la ecuación de regresión para estimar el porcentaje de grasa corporal (PGC) en adultos mayores de zonas rurales del Ecuador, y asociarla con antecedentes patológicos seleccionados. Estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, transversal y correlacional con 316 adultos mayores (31.3% hombres y 68.7% mujeres). Se analizaron: sexo, edad, peso, talla, circunferencia de cintura (CC), Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) y el porcentaje de grasa corporal estimado mediante regresión (PGCR). El PGCR fue significativamente superior en mujeres (p < 0.000). El sobrepeso se presentó en el 47.4% de los hombres y el 41.5% de las mujeres según el IMC. La ecuación PGCR = 13.89 + 0.834·IMC + 0.056·CC ? 6.193·Sexo demostró buena capacidad predictiva (R² = 0.357). La curva ROC arrojó un AUC = 0.783 y se confirmó asociación significativa entre el PGCR y la hipertensión arterial (p = 0.008). La ecuación propuesta constituye una herramienta válida y útil para la estimación del porcentaje de grasa corporal, facilitando la identificación del riesgo cardiometabólico en comunidades rurales ecuatorianas donde la tecnología diagnóstica es escasa.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Mariana del Rocío Quito Espinoza, Maria Graciela Merchan Coronel, Prissila Banesa Calderón Guaraca