Runas. Journal of Education and Culture

The resurgence of the Selk'nam. Dynamics of ethnoheterogenesis, ethnicity, and legal recognition in the Tierra del Fuego

Javier Lastra-Bravo — 2021-08-05

This article has two central objectives, on the one hand, to analyze the process by which the Selk'nam population was declared extinct on the island of Tierra del Fuego, putting special emphasis on the process of colonization and the consequences this brought, especially the process of assimilation and ethnocide. Subsequently, a theoretical review is made of the concepts of ethnicity and ethnogenesis as processes through which the resurgence of groups of individuals who currently recognize themselves as members of the indigenous Selk'nam group can be explained. In this sense, the concept of Ethnoheterogenesis is linked as a model through which the current processes of self-recognition of individuals with ethnic groups can be explained. To conclude the article focuses the discussion on recognizing those cultural aspects present today, the action of ethnic groups, and the need for legal and symbolic recognition of the current existence of Selk'nam ethnic groups.

Presentation of the dossier: The legacy of Pierre Bourdieu in education and culture: Twenty years after his death.

Fernando Cisneros Padilla — 2021-12-28

Presentation of the dossier: The legacy of Pierre Bourdieu in education and culture: Twenty years after his death.

The reception of the most cited and referenced author at the Mexican Congress of Educational Research: Pierre Bourdieu

Sandra Saraí Dimas Márquez — 2021-12-12

This study aims to show findings of Pierre Bourdieu's reception in Mexico, for this, it was analyzed 8 editions of the Education Research National Congress in Mexico from 2003 to 2017, through the analysis of the citations and references included in the papers where the author appeared. This study used methodological tools such as content analysis and descriptive statistics to examine the citations and references included in the papers. The results were obtained indicate that French sociologist is the most referenced author, so it was possible to recognize the role by the citation and the referenced works to consider the popularity of the author, in the same way, it was possible to recover some indications about the reception of Bourdieu in Mexico when reading the author through others, either translators or broadcasters. Finally, the study concludes that the quotation can be understood as a measure of consecration, as a condition for academic writing, as a measuring unit, as evaluation criteria, as something that is truly worth fighting for, and as cultural capital.

Positioning of researchers in the social space of the Instituto de Investigaciones sobre la Universidad y la Educación, Mexico

Sara Bravo Villanueva — 2021-12-11

The institutionalization of educational research in Mexico has led to a professionalized and professionalizing practice, with a peculiar recognition and status, in this aspect, the objective was to identify the influence of material and symbolic conditions, as well as the appropriation of capital that regulates the production and reproduction of the academic practices of the researchers of the Research Institute on the University and Education, of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM-IISUE). For this purpose, Bourdieu’s Theory of the Economics of Social Practices was recovered, which establishes that social relations do not occur spontaneously or casually but are conditioned by a social environment that gives guidelines to think, perceive, decide and act in a particular way. Methodologically, techniques were recovered that potentiate the relationship between analytical variables and interpretative categories, thus enabling the articulation between objective conditions and the production of subjectivity. Of the main results, the analytical construction of social classes in the academic space of the IISUE stands out, namely: consolidated, beginners and heretical; in addition, this construction allowed to relate the provisions of the researchers that regulate the practices of differentiation and classification of the scientific community. By way of conclusion, it was identified that the volume and capital structure of researchers configures and reconfigures the academic field and it is through their social practices that they tend to reproduce the mechanisms of power and inequality of the field under analysis.

Pierre Bourdieu and Surveys in Sociology of Education

Monique de Saint-Martin — 2021-08-30

The purpose of this article is to help to imagine and understand the spirit in which Pierre Bourdieu and the group of researchers he led conceived, in the early 1960s, their first research and surveys on students and the educational system. It evokes the research and surveys conducted by Pierre Bourdieu that nurtured and originated many other works, such as those on political opinion, on university professors or on the field of power. He focuses particularly on the research and surveys of the 1960s, highlights the impetus that May 1968 brought to research in education, and then elaborates on the research undertaken in 1969 on the factors of change and the forces of inertia in the school system. He explains that it was imperative to focus not only on the weight of reproduction in the educational system, but also on the transformations that were taking place in the university, in the educational system in general, and even in a society as a whole. Taken as a whole, the article is an invaluable, solidly documented testimony that allows us to understand the central role of the sociology of education and culture in Pierre Bourdieu’s sociological work.

Dispositions, educational practices and habitus. Possible trajectories of the graduates of Prepa en Línea

Eva María Galán Mireles — 2021-12-14

By desire or need to continue high school studies, in Mexico since 2014 there has been a distance mode service as an option to do so. The enrolled students begin the production and reproduction of social and educational practices promoted in a bidirectional way, that is, from, to and in the specific educational field, as well as; from, for and through the agents involved, incorporating and / or adjusting (at different levels according to their capitals) predispositions that position / reposition them upon graduation with the possibility of continuing their social and educational trajectory. With support from Pierre Bourdieu's Theory of the Economy of Social Practices (TEPS), the objective is to analyze the reconversion of students' capital and future implications from their transition to Prepa en Línea SEP, and is proposed in a critical-reflective analysis. Under this scheme, the position / replacement they occupy at the end of the study plan is different from the initial one. Consequently, the protection allows them to trace possible trajectories of their immediate future, which can be seen as: a) improvement (as aspirations to study the degree); b) extension (continue studying in virtual mode); c) adaptation (to adjust their route as the desire to enter the face-to-face modality); d) location (entering for a reason - academic, work, economic, family, etc. - and reaching it), and e) setback (by not identifying any utility or adjustment after being immersed in Prepa en Línea SEP).

The literary field of queer cultural production in contemporary India: considering popular queer texts via Bourdieu

Anil Pradhan — 2021-12-10

In The Field of Cultural Production: Essays on Art and Literature, sociologist Pierre Bourdieu puts forward the idea that culture is discursively produced and that the field that informs, constitutes, and problematizes cultural production is crucial towards understanding how cultural transactions, dynamics, and politics work. Since literature is a key marker of society’s outlook on and reception of sensitive subjects like non-heteronormativity, this article focuses on the queer literary field – LGBTQ+-related texts and publication – in/of contemporary India. To this end, I look into trends in publication of Indian queer literary texts in English since 1976 through Bourdieu’s concept of the cultural production of the field of queer literature and consider popular texts like Shikhandi: And Other Queer Tales They Don’t Tell You; Our Impossible Love; She Swiped Right into my Heart, and read them vis-à-vis Bourdieu’s theorization, in order to conceptualize an idea about how texts and contexts interact with each other towards (re-)producing and (re-)constructing contemporary queer culture(s) in the Indian context.

The legal field as an educational market at Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo

Claudia Valeria Zúñiga Manríquez — 2021-12-11

Supply and demand cause tensions under which the production and acquisition of valued goods takes place. The research is framed by Pierre Bourdieu’s Theory of the Economy of Social Practices, the same one that conceives of law as a market that produces various capitals such as legal and political capital, but also bureaucratic capital at a high level of importance. Social production is, in terms of Bourdieu´s theory, the generation of capitals and dispositions in a specific social field. The capitals are the resources or accumulated work that the agents possess according to the interests or inclinations of the same field. Dispositions are those ways of seeing the world, of thinking, feeling, acting or constructing reality that are internalized by the agents that actively intervene within the social field. Therefore, what I know it produces in the field, conceived as a market, in a certain way it reproduces itself there. Capitals and dispositions that the field requires or that are considered effective in it, due to their value as merchandise, prevail. The methodology configured for this work is complementary, according to which use was made of objective information from the field, institutional statistics and the application of questionnaires to students in the two identified subfields, the undergraduate program in Law and the graduate program, the Master’s Degree in Criminal Law and Criminal Sciences of the Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities of the Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo. Semi-structured interviews were also carried out with Key Informants to learn more about the subjective aspect of the social reality studied. The educational market of law preserves the forms of classical legal thought, however, it also produces hybrid work positions, endogamous phenomena, and teaching or scientific intentions, which reveals the needs of transformation and innovation of the field to adapt to the current social situation.

The challenges of dealing with Bourdieusian work today

Olga Nancy Peña Cortés — 2021-12-13

Pierre Bourdieu is known as one of the most important sociologists of the last century. The appropriation of the work by different areas of knowledge and the use of theory in various researches have provided a myriad of publications of all kinds. The risk of the proliferation of publications is that of canonizing or despising the author. In order not to fall on one side or the other, Loïc Wacquant proposes mimesis as an antidote. Mimesis is understood as an active process that can either expand or transform the referential to which it is linked. Based on Wacquant's position, the purpose of this article is to understand the Bourdieusian modus operandi. To this end, the main points of the author's social trajectory are contextualized in a way that offers a view of the elements that allowed him to build his own theory. Appreciating the modus operandi attracts an understanding of the notion of author and reader in order to make some considerations about the challenges that the researcher and researcher of the work face in hazy academic times. The study is presented in the form of a bibliographical research, whose essayistic tone comes from the philosophical position from which it originates.